Cigarette



F. MUTH CIGARETTE Dec.-1, 1942.

Filed Nov. 5, 1938 lnveniolg F Wadi o w o o o o 2 o o o o o o o o o M 05R Q Patented Dec. 1, 1942 CIG 'iETTE Franz Math, liamburg-Blankenese,Germany; vested in the Alien Property Qustodian Application November 5,1938, Serial No.'239,ll0 in Germany December 20, 1937 2 Claims. (Cl.131-15) The invention relates to cigarettes and has for an object toreduce the efiects of smoking which are detrimental to health, and toenhance the pleasure of smoking.

In the case of a normal cigarette, the wrapper filled with tobacco actsalmost as a retort, that is incomplete combustion takes place in view ofthe lack of oxygen, which, on the one hand, causes the valuable aromaticresins to smoulder and to be converted into unpleasant combustionproducts, and, on the other hand, produces such high temperaturesimmediately behind the burning zone that, for example, nicotine saltsand ammonium compounds are evaporated as colloids, depositing in a mostfinely divided state in the cooler part of the cigarette.

At the beginning of the next draw, these condensates are particularlyeasily evaporated if too high a temperature acts on them again, and theythus reach the breathing organs of the smoker undecomposed. Thisphenomenon, known as nicotine rush is not only detrimental to health,but also imparts a pungent, biting taste to the smoke. The efiects ofthis phenomenon become particularly undesirable as the smoking of thecigarette progresses.

It has already been proposed to avoid part of the last moment, followthe easy path which is offered by the short column of tobacco up to thenext nearest aperture.

According to the present invention all these difficulties are overcomeby choosing the size of the holes provided in the wrapper at each of thedifferent distances from the mouth end in accordance with the draughtresistance of the cigarette, which changes with the distance from themouth end, the size decreasing towards the mouth end.

Thus according to the invention the size or number of the holesdecreasestowards the mouth end in accordance with the draught resistanceof the cigarette which varies according to the distance from the mouthend.

The effect thus obtained is that, while the draught resistance is stillvery high, i. e., while only a small piece of the cigarette has beensmoked, the fresh air, which has to overcome the same resistance, entersthe comparatively large opening of the perforation adjoining the glowingzone, whereby the air is conducted to the point where it should exertits eifect, viz., in the close proximity of the burning zone. It is atthis point that the supply of fresh air is important, because in theburning zone of each cigarette an additional increase in the draughtresistance is caused by the mineral salt cone in the glowing skeleton,with the result that too little oxygen is available for oxidizing thedetrimentalCO into ance determined by the tobacco contents decreases asthe cigarette is progressively consumed, the ratio of the admission offresh air increases. A continuous change in the mixing ratio is causedthereby, with the result that the aromatical components of the smoke,which determine its taste, are condensed at once and do not distil,together i with water vapours, into the mouth of the smoker cent holes.Thus the mixing ratio of. air and smoke gas by no means remains constantclosely adjacent the burning zone during the whole By. the dimensions ofthe apertures the admission of too great quantities of fresh air isprevented at an undesirable point, via, in the proximity oi the mouthend, the apertures there being small.

As combustion progresses, the air admission apertures are burnt awaysuccessively the admission of the main quantities of fresh air occurringthrough the apertures which are situated nearest to the burning end.Their sizes are so chosen in view of the draught resistance of thecigarette known to decrease, from the beginning to the end of thecigarette, from about 40 mms. to about 2 mms. mercury column. Thisarrangement results in a constant mixingratio of smoking gases and freshair being maintained closely behind the burning zone during the smoking01 the whole cigarette.

The fresh air which, on principlaenters at the burning zone and whichcan be accurately dosed by the size of the holes, prevents, on the onesmoking period, because the fresh air will, up to hand, the formation ofdetrimental carbon oxide in-view of its oxygen contents, which is nowimmediately oxidized into innocuous carbon dioxide in the zone which isstill hot. and, on the other hand, the formation of the unpleasantproducts bility of discharging products of evaporation into the outeratmosphere and to draw in, by the suction produced on the other side,fresh air which assists a priori in checking the formation ofunfavourable products of incomplete combustion.

Theorganic ammonium salts which dissociate in this phase with particularease; discharge through this aperture the easily evaporating anddetrimental ammonia gas.

The size of the holes to be stamped into the wrapper convenientlyincreases from 0.2 mm. diameter at the mouth end to 1.3 mms. diameter atthe burning end. On principle, three such holes, distributed over thelength of the cigarette and having diiferent diameters according to theresistance to draught, suflice for obtaining the effect of theinvention, but in certain circumstances it is desirable to subdivide thetotal size of the aperture in one zone into a plurality of holes in sucha manner that the quantity of air drawn through these holes is the sameas that, which in other cases corresponds to the one hole calculated inview of the draught resistance.

This is particularly convenient if the purely mathematical calculationresults, especially in the'case of large size cirgarettes, incomparatively large holes which might lead to tobacco crumbling out.With these last mentioned arrangements it will also have a beneficialeffect if the air enters radially through various small holes in thesame zone, thereby effecting a uniform cooling of the rear of theburning zone.

As far as the principle is concerned, the invention is, naturally, notlimited to an arrangement of holes or groups of holes in a definitenumber of different distances from the mouth end. The number and size ofthe apertures bethe cigarette paper which is already present in j viewof the additions of inorganic carbonates.

& In the accompanying drawing, examples of the invention are shown indouble their normal size.

Figure 1 shows a cigarette with a total of three individual holesarranged in different distances from the mouth end.

Figure 2 shows awrapper of the cigarette according to Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a second embodiment where the total size of the aperturesin the different distances from the mouth end as determined by the.calculated amount of air. is subdivided into a, number of smaller holesin the same zone. 1

Figure 4 shows the wrapper of the embodiment l accordingto Figure 3.

In view of the foregoing explanations, the drawing will be readilyunderstood. In the embodiment according to Figures 1 and 2 the threeholes are conveniently arranged in the diagonal of the paper leafletforming the wrapper, the outer holes having a distance from the ends ofthe cigarette of about 1.5 cms. This distance is also approximatelymaintained in the somewhat different embodiment according to Figures 3and 4.

3 Further in connection with Figs. 3 and 4 the reference letter a isused to designate the mouth end of the cigarette while the burning endof the cigarette is designated b.

I claim: 1; A cigarette provided with a wrapper having a number of holesarranged at equal distances from each other in the longitudinaldirection of the cirgarette, the size of said holes decreasin towardsthe mouth end substantially in proportion to the draught resistance ofthe cigarette which substantially varies according to the distance fromthe mouth end.

2. A cigarette according to claim 1, wherein a hole is arranged at eachof a number of different spaced intervals from the mouth end and saidholes decrease in diameter from 1.3 mms. near the burning end to 0.2 mm.near the mouth end.

7 and that said holes are arranged in staggered relationship on thecircumference of the wrapper.

FRANZ MUTH.

